Short Paragraph on Disaster Management in India
The term disaster management includes all aspects of preventive and protective measures, preparedness, and organisation of relief operations for mitigating the impact of disaster on human beings and socioeconomic aspects of the disaster prone areas. The whole process of disaster management can be divided into three phases: impact phase, rehabilitation and reconstruction phase and integrated long term development and preparedness phase.
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Impact phase contains three components: forecasting of disaster, close monitoring of agents causing disasters and management activities after the disaster has occurred. Flood forecasting can be done by studying rainfall in the catchment area. Approach of cyclones can be tracked and monitored by satellites; based on these details, early warning and evacuation efforts may be made.
Close monitoring of agents responsible for disaster can help deployment of teams to help evacuation and supply of food, clothing and drinking water. Disaster leaves a trail of death and destruction. This will require medical care and help of various kinds to the affected people. Under long term development phase preventive and precautionary measures of various kinds should be chalked out.
In order to draw attention of the people of the world the UNESCO observed International the Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) during 1990-2000. Along with other nations of the world, India observed World Disaster Reduction Day in October during the decade. Do’s and Don’ts for the people in areas of earthquakes, floods and cyclones, which were issued by the Government of India on the occasion, are useful.