The American Civil War upheld the importance of a central government. It established the USA as a country consisting of several states that have control over their own affairs but are inseparably united as one single nation under a central government.
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This implies that the member states of the USA cannot break away whenever they want.
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In 1865, slavery was abolished everywhere in the USA. Later, freed slaves were granted citizenship.
After the Civil War, the citizens of every state of the USA were also granted citizenship of the union. All citizens were given the same rights ensuring life, liberty and property. This held the promise of equality for all citizens.
For some years after the Civil War, the northern states played a more active role in politics. This led to the rapid expansion of industries, and the construction of railways was undertaken on a large scale. By the end of the nineteenth century, the USA emerged as one of the most powerful industrialised nations of the world.