228 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) with Answers on “Sociological Foundations of Education” for Education Students – Part 2:
101. Dissolution of Muslim Marriage Act was passed in the year
(a) 1939.
(b) 1912.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
(c) 1947.
(d) 1953.
102. Identify the forms of marriage widely prevalent in Tribal society
ADVERTISEMENTS:
(a) Service marriage.
(b) Gandharva marriage.
(c) Asura marriage.
(d) Probationary marriage.
ADVERTISEMENTS:
103. Some of the modern changes which have taken place in the Hindu Marriage are
(a) Marriage is held as compulsory.
(b) No provision for divorce.
(c) Widow Remarriage permitted.
(d) Two living wives permissible to a husband.
104. The Special Marriage Act was passed in the year
(a) 1872.
(b) 1912.
(c) 1940.
(d) 1953.
105. In the traditional arsha type of marriage among Hindus
(a) The father gives his daughter to a person as kanyadana.
(b) The father gives his daughter in marriage after receiving a cow and a bull from the bridegroom.
(c) The father gives his daughter in marriage after receiving money from the bridegroom.
(d) The bride selects her partner in the assembly of noble men.
106. Example of a community is a/an
(a) Orphanage.
(b) Village,
(c) Prison.
(d) Caste.
107. A territorial community refers to an area that has a geographical location and which is a source for all the social and cultural needs of its members. Which of the following is not true of a territorial community?
(a) Its members can live a satisfying life within it.
(b) Its members have a sense of belonging in it.
(c) It may encompass several groups.
(d) It is a formal organisation.
108. Standard of living has maximum relationship with one of the following factors. Which is that?
(a) People
(b) Population
(c) Environment
(d) Culture.
109. Custom is an important
(a) Social control.
(b) Social institution.
(c) Way of political behaviour.
(d) Way of thinking of Marxists.
110. Main function of economic structure is
(a) Replacement of population.
(b) Socialisation of new population.
(c) Maintenance of a sense of purpose.
(d) Production and distribution of goods and services.
111. Function of political structure is
(a) Replacement of population.
(b) Socialization of new population.
(c) Maintenance of a sense of purpose.
(d) System maintenance.
112. Main function of Religious structure is
(a) Replacement of population.
(b) Socialization of new population.
(c) Maintenance of a sense of purpose.
(d) Production and distribution of goods and services.
113. Function of educational structure is
(a) Replacement of population.
(b) Socialisation of new population.
(c) Maintenance of a sense of purpose.
(d) System maintenance.
114. The state is a National Institution, was maintained by
(a) T.H. Green.
(b) Herbert Spencer,
(c) Aristotle.
(d) Plato.
115. One of the most important functions of the state is to
(a) Maintain law and order in a complex society.
(b) Provide means of recreation to the people.
(c) Maintain the spirit of Nationalism.
(d) Maintain the democratic process.
116. Almost all societies, at some stage or the other, of their development have passed through
(a) Political conditions.
(b) Economic conditions.
(c) Educational conditions.
(d) Rural conditions.
117. Social equality is supported by
(a) Marxism.
(b) Capitalism.
(c) Domestic Institution.
(d) Socialism.
118. Which of the following is a dynamic organisation of purposive individuals?
(a) Sociology
(b) Society
(c) Social behaviour
(d) Social relations.
119. The most important characteristic of a society is
(a) Inter-communication.
(b) Mutual influence.
(c) Interpersonal relationship.
(d) Individual approach.
120. The fundamental unit of human society is known as
(a) Social group.
(b) Tribal group,
(c) Individual.
(d) Family.
121. Human society differs from animal society because of
(a) Cultural heritage.
(b) Provision of nutriment.
(c) Protection against injury.
(d) Reproduction of new organism.
122. An example of formal norm is
(a) Custom.
(b) Tradition,
(c) Law.
(d) Mores.
123. Characteristic of society is
(a) Mutual awareness.
(b) Specific aims.
(c) Definite geographical area.
(d) Interrelations.
124. In public opinion, there is no higher court than that of the
(a) Folkways.
(b) Customs,
(c) Mores.
(d) Laws.
125. The members of the society share sentiments highly favourable to
(a) Government.
(b) Laws.
(c) Mores.
(d) Nation.
126. A society is a network of
(a) Inter-personal relationships.
(b) Social attitude.
(c) socio-political relationships.
(d) religious-cultural attitudes.
127. So thoroughly have norms become a part of human mode of existence that they are to a high degree
(a) Regulated.
(b) Standardised,
(c) Specialised.
(d) Internalised.
128. The analysis of human society must certainly be carried out on the level
(a) Biological.
(b) Sociological,
(c) Cultural.
(d) Psychological.
129. The study of Human society involves the study of
(a) Man.
(b) Mind,
(c) Environment.
(d) Heredity.
130. Norms are society’s expectations or rules specifying appropriate and inappropriate behaviour. Which of the following is not a norm?
(a) Honesty is the best policy
(b) Stop at a red light
(c) Eat soup with a soup spoon
(d) Keep to the left on the road.
131. Both nature and necessity compel man to live in
(a) Forest.
(b) Society,
(c) Church.
(d) College.
132. What is the nature of man, according to Aristotle?
(a) Social
(b) Political
(c) Cultural
(d) Religious.
133. All human beings have to interact with the other human beings in order to
(a) Survive.
(b) Gossip,
(c) Quarrel.
(d) Compete.
134. The understanding and analysis of any social organisation like restaurant becomes possible and relatively simple by knowing
(a) Order of the society.
(b) Norms and status.
(c) Functional imperatives.
(d) Many people in it.
135. The idea of society’s division as proletarian and bourgeoise is given by
(a) Freud.
(b) Gillin and Gillin.
(c) Park and Burgess.
(d) Marx.
136. Society preserves our
(a) Civilization.
(b) Culture and transmits it to succeeding generation.
(c) Philosophical ideas.
(d) Interrelation.
137. A school is a miniature
(a) State.
(b) Society,
(c) Family.
(d) Organisation.
138. The most potent instrument of social development is
(a) Law.
(b) Education,
(c) Religion.
(d) Culture.
139. The educational institution is a
(a) Community.
(b) Family.
(c) Social institution.
(d) Organisation.
140. Which aim of education is most useful for the community?
(a) Cultural
(b) Livelihood
(c) Socialization
(d) Technological.
141. Land Reforms have brought
(a) Drastic changes in urban areas.
(b) Fragmentation of land.
(c) Advantages to the land lords to exploit the tenants.
(d) Decrease in output.
142. Which Indian economy is based on village economy?
(a) International
(b) National
(c) Household
(d) Agriculture.
143. Usually rural people’s behaviour is
(a) Highly civilized,
(b) Very simple,
(c) Cultured.
(d) Aggressive.
144. Rural society is
(a) Big in size.
(b) Small in size.
(c) Densely populated.
(d) Literate.
145. What type of society is rural society?
(a) Complex society
(b) Heterogeneous society
(c) Homogeneous society
(d) Primitive society.
146. Main distinguishing factors between rural and urban societies in India is
(a) Language differences.
(b) Differences in the density of population.
(c) Familial differences.
(d) Political differences.
147. The role of caste in village is
(a) Having less importance.
(b) Insignificant.
(c) Very much significant.
(d) Based on colour.
148. The role of religion in rural society
(a) Is of greater importance even today.
(b) Has its hold on the behaviour of the people.
(c) Has nothing to do with the rural administration.
(d) Is responsible for family disorganisation.
149. Zamindari system of village administration was first introduced by
(a) Peshwas.
(b) Moghuls.
(c) British.
(d) Guptas.
150. Panchayatraj system is based on the principle of
(a) Administration through Government officials.
(b) Administration through hereditary rulers.
(c) Effective Central administration for the improvement of villages.
(d) Democratic decentralisation of administration.
151. Characteristics of the urban industrial family are
(a) Great degree of equality in roles.
(b) Isolation.
(c) Separation of place of work and home.
(d) All of these.
152. Modern urban industrial families are usually based upon
(a) Paternalistic relationships.
(b) Maternalistic relationships.
(c) Conjugal relationships.
(d) Non-conjugal relationships.
153. Which one of the following does not distinguish urban communities from rural ones?
(a) Mobility
(b) Differentiation
(c) Population density
(d) Stratification.
154. “Women must always be honoured and respected by father, brother, husband and brother-in-law who desire their welfare” was a statement made by
(a) Mahatma Gandhi.
(b) Tilak.
(c) Manu.
(d) Vinoba Bhave.
155. Hindu Marriage Act was passed in the year
(a) 1955.
(b) 1956.
(c) 1954.
(d) 1961.
156. The abolition of ‘Sati’ system was mainly due to the efforts of
(a) Mahatma Gandhi.
(b) Raja Ram Mohan Roy.
(c) Dayananda Saraswati.
(d) M.G. Ranade.
157. According to the Hindu Marriage Act. 1955, the minimum age of marriage for boys is
(a) 25 years.
(b) 21 years,
(c) 18 years.
(d) 14 years.
158. According to the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955, a wife can seek divorce if her husband
(a) Does not speak to her.
(b) Is guilty of adultery.
(c) Is regularly away from home.
(d) Beats her occasionally.
159. In recent times, inter-caste marriages are increasing because of
(a) Education and enlightenment.
(b) Force used by the government.
(c) Arrangement of Marriages by elders.
(d) Arrangement of marriages by friends.
160. According to the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955, which of the following is a legal ground for divorce?
(a) Misunderstanding between husband and wife
(b) Absence of husband at – regular intervals
(c) Insanity for more than three years
(d) Frequent quarrels with the in-laws.
161. The law forbidding dowry is ineffective because
(a) It is not sufficiently clear.
(b) It cannot be easily enforced.
(c) It has not been enacted by the government.
(d) It lowers the status of women.
162. According to Muslim law “khula” is the form of divorce which is
(a) Arranged by the friends.
(b) Granted by the religious heads.
(c) Obtained from a court of law.
(d) Any other.
163. Hindu Woman in a joint family has
(a) Complete freedom.
(b) Lack of freedom.
(c) More freedom than men.
(d) Greater freedom than Muslim woman.
164. Every caste is limited to
(a) Region
(b) State
(c) Linguistic area
(d) Village.
165. Which of the following Acts has legalised divorce on certain grounds?
(a) Abolition of dowry Act of 1966
(b) S.I.T. Act of 1956
(c) Hindu Marriage Act of 1955.
(d) Protection of Civil Liberties Act of 1976.
166. Which of the following sections of I.P.C. makes a person liable for 2 years imprisonment if he assaults or uses criminal force on a woman?
(a) I.P.C. Section 375
(b) I.P.C. Section 310
(c) I.P.C. Section 354
(d) I.P.C. Section 325.
167. Advisory committee on social and moral hygiene was set up in 1954 under the chairmanship of
(a) Smt. Vijayalaxmi Pandit.
(b) Rukminidevi Arundale.
(c) Dhanwanthi Rama Rao.
(d) Smt. Rameshwari Nehru.
168. Suppression of Immoral Traffic in Women and Girls Act was passed by Indian Parliament in the year
(a) 1945.
(b) 1955.
(c) 1956.
(d) 1966.
169. Sexual intercourse by a person with the wife of another man amounts to offence of adultery liable for punishment according to
(a) I.P.C. Section 350.
(b) I.P.C. Section 318.
(c) I.P.C. Section 497.
(d) I.P.C. Section 499.
170. Of the following kinds of marriages, which one is the result of mutual love and affection of bride and bridegroom?
(a) Brahma marriage
(b) Prajapatya marriage
(c) Arsha Marriage
(d) Gandharva marriage.
171. International women’s year was celebrated during the year
(a) 1850.
(b) 1950.
(c) 1971.
(d) 1975.
172. The rapid progress in women’s education took place
(a) During 15th century.
(b) After Muslim invasion.
(c) During last 25 years.
(d) During British regime.
173. The progress for education of women in India was initiated by
(a) Lord Dalhousie.
(b) Iswar Chandra Vidya Sagar.
(c) Robert Clive.
(d) Raj a Ram Mohan Roy.
174. The difference between the pace of progress of material and non-material culture in case of a developed material culture is known as
(a) Cultural lag.
(b) Social lag.
(c) Social and cultural lag.
(d) Technological lag.
175. National Policy on Education (1986) makes a recommendation (8.1) that “The existing schism between the formal system of education and the country’s rich and varied cultural tradition needs to be bridged”. This assumes that
(a) There is a social and cultural lag in Indian society
(b) There is insufficient progress, of education in India
(c) There is enough socio-cultural progress in India.
(d) There is great need for social change in India.
176. Among the scheduled castes of India, which is the main cause of social mobility?
(a) Migration
(b) Education
(c) Political awakening
(d) Television.
177. A social system invariably has a
(a) Social structure.
(b) Culture of its own.
(c) Personality.
(d) All of these.
178. Sociology of education is
(a) A branch of educational technology.
(b) A study of the society.
(c) An analysis of sociological process involved in the institutions of education.
(d) A science which studies primitive societies.
179. Social structure, culture and personality combined together to form
(a) A social system,
(b) An association,
(c) Tradition.
(d) The folkways.
180. Which is not a threat to the desired social change in India pertaining to national unity and social progress?
(a) Caste
(b) Religions
(c) Educational system
(d) Social distance between different classes.
181. What is more crucial for bringing about a desired social change in India?
(a) Development of physical resources
(b) Development of human resources
(c) Development of social resources
(d) Development of natural resources.
182. Who said, “Western education leads to the modernisation of perspectives in traditional, non- industrial societies?”
(a) Michael Armer and Robert Youtz
(b) Robert C. Williamson
(c) Alex Inkeles
(d) Yogendra Singh.
183. “Education is the most powerful factor in making men modern”. This was said by
(a) Alex Inkeles.
(b) Robert C.Williamson .
(c) Margaret L. Cormack.
(d) M.S. Gore.
184. Which is the pattern of modernization through education?
(a) Capitalist
(b) Non-capitalist
(c) Both of them
(d) None of these.
185. Indian education in future should fight as the first priority against
(a) Dangers of communal and caste fragmentation.
(b) Ignorance.
(c) Degeneration of educational standards.
(d) Inequality of opportunities in education.
186. Which is the most important social factor that has adversely affected the examination reforms in India?
(a) Ineffective university administration
(b) Inadequate classroom teaching
(c) Unethical behaviours of students and teachers
(d) Unwieldy nature of the examination.
187. “Religious education” and “education about religions” are
(a) Two different concepts entirely.
(b) Not, at all, different from each other.
(c) Little different from one each other.
(d) Such a comparison between them is irrelevant.
188. Cultural diffusion means
(a) Historically important source of change.
(b) An exogeneous source of change.
(c) Borrowing of the society’s culture by another one.
(d) All of these.
189. Modernization as a process of social change requires
(a) Increased structural differentiation.
(b) Decreased structural differentiation.
(c) Structural fusion.
(d) None of these.
190. The realization of the aspirations of the people of India involves
(a) Economic growth.
(b) Industrialization.
(c) Change in the knowledge, skills, interests and values of the people as a whole through education.
(d) Agricultural innovations.
191. One of the several features of Indian education promoting divisive tendencies and thwarting national integration is
(a) Caste loyalties being encouraged by private and public schools.
(b) Rivalry among students being encouraged by students’ unions.
(c) Rivalry among teachers being encouraged by teachers’ associations.
(d) Indifference to education being encouraged by unemployment.
192. Transformation of the educational system means
(a) Revolutionising its curriculum.
(b) Changing the theory and practice of education.
(c) Improving the socio-emotional climate of the schools.
(d) Relating it to the life, needs and aspirations of the people and making it an instrument of needed social change.
193. Educators must have a good understanding of the social forces because
(a) Education is one of the activities carried on in the social setting amidst social forces.
(b) Education is a social process.
(c) Education is influenced by the social forces.
(d) Educators are themselves social beings.
194. Religion is an institution because
(a) It teaches religion to people.
(b) It performs an important social function.
(c) It imparts moral and-spiritual education to people.
(d) It performs functions which satisfy important specific needs of people.
195. Family is said to be a primary social institution because
(a) It is a basic social unit.
(b) A high degree of importance is attached to it by all societies of people.
(c) There is high degree of face-to-face relationship within this.
(d) All these above characteristics are found in it.
196. Which is the most important factor which seems to be acting to reduce class differences in India?
(a) Missionaries of social workers
(b) Spread of information through mass- media such as the T.V.
(c) Rise in standard of living of the working class
(d) Government’s legal and social welfare efforts on improving the lot of the weaker sections of the society.
197. Indian government’s legislation concerning educational opportunities for the weaker sections of the society is an evidence which brings into focus the
(a) Social nature of education.
(b) Political nature of education.
(c) Economic nature of education.
(d) Cultural nature of education.
198. The schools help the people to
(a) Assimilate culture.
(b) Ignore culture.
(c) Protest against culture.
(d) Enjoy culture.
199. Which is not relevant for achieving vertical social mobility?
(a) Family background
(b) Wealth
(c) Education
(d) Religion.
200. Which is the most correct statement?
(a) Social change is the outcome of modernisation
(b) Modernisation is the outcome of social change
(c) Social change and modernisation mean the same thing
(d) None of these is incorrect.
Answers
101. (a) 102. (d) 103. (c) 104. (d) 105. (a) 106. (b) 107. (d) 108. (d) 109. (a) 110. (a) 111. (a) 112. (c) 113. (b) 114. (d) 115. (a) 116. (d) 117. (d) 118. (b) 119. (c) 120. (d) 121. (a) 122. (d) 123. (d) 124. (c) 125. (c) 126. (a) 127. (d) 128. (b) 129. (a) 130. (d) 131. (b) 132. (a) 133. (a) 134. (c) 135. (d) 136. (d) 137. (b) 138. (b) 139. (a). 140. (c) 141. (a) 142. (b) 143. (b) 144. (b) 145. (c) 146. (b) 147. (c) 148. (a) 149. (c) 150. (d) 151. (d) 152. (a) 153. (d) 154. (a) 155. (a) 156. (b) 157. (b) 158. (b) 159. (a) 160. (c) 161. (b) 162. (b) 163. (b) 164. (c) 165. (c) 166. (c) 167. (b) 168. (c) 169. (a) 170. (d) 171. (d) 172. (c) 173. (b) 174. (a) 175. (b) 176. (b) 177. (d) 178. (c) 179. (a) 180. (a) 181. (c) 182. (a) 183. (a) 184. (c) 185. (a) 186. (c) 187. (c) 188. (d) 189. (a) 190. (c) 191. (c) 192. (c) 193. (c) 194. (c) 195. (c) 196. (c) 197. (b)
198. (a) 199. (d) 200. (b)