Unique Ways to use Resources Sustainably are given below:
1. Maintaining Biodiversity:
Biodiversity is an important means if we want to maintain natural resources over a longer period of time. If natural ecosystems are exploited for resources as well as for space, it will lead to spoilage of biodiversity. Controlling population growth, planning urban expansion, and maintaining fertile agricultural lands will lead to lesser exploitation of natural habitats.
In situ as well as ex situ conservation should be used to preserve biodiversity. Of these, in situ conservation is better because unused land can be used to preserve more plants. Creating bioreserves, national parks, and botanical gardens will help in maintaining biodiversity across the globe.
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2. Preserving the Soil Layer:
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If we maintain the fertile topsoil layer of the earth, it will be very useful for the environment at large. Unfortunately, this precious resource is being depleted due to extensive use of chemicals and fertilizers, improper irrigation and deforestation. The inherent nutritive values of soil are being ignored and chemicals are being used to hasten the process of crop growth.
But if soil is used carefully and practices like crop rotation and mulching are used, the soil can be made more fertile. Traditional farming practices will help maintain the soil cover or we will lose precious land.
If natural soil layer and its fertility are maintained, we can have healthier foods and more productive lands. This means sustainable agriculture.
3. Checking population growth:
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Population growth is the primary reason for exploitation of all natural resources. Unless population growth is checked, we will need more and more resources at a fast pace. With life expectancy rising, population is on the rise as well. Awareness about the harms of rapid population growth should be spread. Optimum birth control measures should also be taken
4. Biogeochemical Cycles:
Biogeochemical cycles imply the circulation of chemicals in the environment. All living organisms comprise six elements carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur and phosphorus.
The natural cycle maintains the levels of these chemicals in the environment. But with the introduction of new and synthetic chemicals, this cycle has been disrupted. Modern agricultural practices, industrial activities and constant construction are some of the causes of this disruption in the natural nutrient cycle.
The harmful chemicals cause irreparable damage to the flora, fauna and other natural resources. These chemicals should therefore be replaced with more eco- friendly options. Vermicompost and biofertilizers are some examples of safer alternatives.