The projected increase in total labour force during Eleventh Five Year Plan is estimated at 45 million. The plan aimed at creation of 58 million jobs to reduction in the unemployment rate to below 5 percent by the end of the plan.
Employment generation strategy of the Eleventh Five Year Plan is based on reduction on of under employment and movement of surplus labour from agriculture sector to a higher wage and more gainful employment in non-agriculture sector.
1. Special Schemes to Remove Unemployment:
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(i) Self-Employment Programmes for Rural Areas. IRDP, TRYSEM, etc., merged into a single self- employment programme called SGSY.
(ii) Wage Employment Programmes. Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY) was launched to provide wage employment and food security. EAS and JGS have been fully integrated in this scheme.
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(iii) Prime Minister’s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) provides self-employment to urban poor.
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(iv) The Swarna Jayanti Shahri Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY) seeks to provide self-employment as well as wage employment to urban youth living below the poverty line.
(v) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojna (PMGSY) aimed at providing all weather connectivity to all the eligible unconnected habitations.
(vi) Indira Awas Yojna (IAY) is to provide financial assistance for construction upgradation of houses to Below Poverty Line (BPL) rural households.
(vii)National Rural Employment Guarantee Act-2005 aims at providing guaranteed wage employment of 100 days each year for those who are willing to do manual work.
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2. Employment Oriented Investment and Production Programmes:
With a view to increase employment, Government made sincere efforts to adopt and encourage labour-intensive investment and production programmes. In this connection emphasis was put on agriculture, agro-based industries, and cottage and small-scale industries.
3. Educational Reforms:
These are also being planned in such a way that educated youth should be free from employment programme. Vocational education consistent with the needs and requirements of the country is being stressed.
4. Employment Generation Council:
In pursuance of the plan strategy, most of the State Governments have set up District Manpower Planning and Employment Generation Councils.
These Councils are expected to look into the employment needs of the district and prepare integrated manpower plans. However, not much headway has been made in this direction so far.