There are four elements of transformational leadership model as follows:
Elements
1. Individualized Consideration:
It refers to the degree to which the leader attends to each follower’s needs, acts as a mentor or coach to the follower and listens to the follower’s concerns and needs. The leader gives empathy and support, keeps communication open and places challenges before the followers.
This also encompasses the need for respect and celebrates the individual contribution that each follower can make to the team. The followers have a will and aspirations for self development and have intrinsic motivation for their tasks.
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This approach not only educates the next generation of leaders, but also fulfills the individuals need for self-actualization, self-fulfillment, and self-worth. It also naturally propels followers to further achievement and growth.
2. Intellectual Stimulation:
It refers to the degree to which the leader challenges assumptions, takes risks and solicits followers’ ideas. Leaders with this trait stimulate and encourage creativity in their followers. They nurture and develop people who think independently.
For such a leader, learning is a value and unexpected situations are seen as opportunities to learn. The followers ask questions, think deeply about things and figure out better ways to execute their tasks.
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The leader’s vision provides the framework for followers to see how they connect to the leader, the organization, each other, and the goal. Once they have this big picture view and are allowed freedom from convention they can creatively overcome any obstacles in the way of the mission.
3. Inspirational Motivation:
It refers to the degree to which the leader articulates a vision that is appealing and inspiring to followers. Leaders with inspirational motivation challenge followers with high standards, communicate optimism about future goals, and provide meaning for the task at hand.
Followers need to have a strong sense of purpose if they are to be motivated to act. Purpose and meaning provide the energy that drives a group forward. The visionary aspects of leadership are supported by communication skills that make it precise and powerful.
The followers are willing to invest more effort in their tasks; they are encouraged and optimistic about the future and believe in their abilities. It is also important that this visionary aspect of leadership be supported by communication skills that allow the leader to articulate his or her vision with precision and power in a compelling and persuasive way.
4. Role and Identification Model:
It refers to the highest level of transformational leadership. The leader provides communal design of vision and purpose, values and norms that give meaning to the work. The leader plants pride and feelings of mission within the stakeholders, enhancing their performance capabilities and providing personal example.
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The followers trust and emulate this leader, identifying with the goals. They internalize the attitudes and goals and act in this “spirit” even when the leader is not around. This is the degree to which the leader behaves in admirable ways that cause followers to identify with the leader.
Charismatic leaders display convictions, take stands and appeal to followers on an emotional level. This is about the leader having a clear set of values and demonstrating them in every action, providing a role model for their followers. Genuine trust must be built between leaders and followers. Trust for both leader and follower is built on a solid moral and ethical foundation.