Water is a national resource and it belongs to the community. With the abundance and renewability of water, it is difficult to think about the shortage of water. Actually, the availability of water resources varies not only from place to place, but also from time to time. This is mainly due to variations in seasonal and annual precipitation.
The shortage of water is mainly due to over-
exploitation, excessive use and unequal access to water among different social groups. In view of the short supply of water, increasing demand, large scale pollution and uneven distribution, there is an urgent need to adopt some conservation measures for balanced and adequate supply of water.
Some of the suggestions for conservation of water resources are as under:
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i. Curbing reckless and unscientific use of water resources and minimising their wastage.
ii. Promoting recycling and re-use of water.
iii. Controlling water pollution and purifying polluted water for agricultural and industrial uses.
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iv. Diverting the flood water to water deficient and drought-prone areas.
v. Creation of more water storage reservoirs.
vi. Make arrangements for inter-basin transfer of surface water.
vii. Adopt measures to raise the underground water level.
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viii. Adopting such methods of irrigation, which require minimum water, such as drip irrigation?
ix. Curbing reckless use of groundwater and develop techniques of recharging and augmentation.
x. Solve the problem of water logging, salinity, water pollution and for maintaining ecological balance.
xi. Preparing water budget on regional and national basis.
xii. Storing rainwater for use during the dry season, i.e. rainwater harvesting.