Short Essay on the Indian Penal Code – Often enough we hear that the Indian Penal Code is one of the best penal statutes drafted anywhere in the world and equally often we hear that it is the IPC in which Macaulay’s genius shines best.
The Penal Code was drafted by the first Law Commission under the president ship of Lord Macaulay. The Commission was constituted in 1834 to investigate into the jurisdiction, powers and rules of the courts and police establishment. The Commission drafted and submitted the Indian Penal Code in 1837.
Another Commission reviewed the Code in 1847. The Code was accordingly revised but it was only after the two Law Members of the Governor-General of India in Council revised the Code that it was submitted to the Legislative Council in 1856. It finally came into force after receiving Governor-General’s accent on October 6, 1860.
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This Code defines the crimes and punishments for violations. Every person is liable to punishment under this Code and not otherwise for every act or omission contrary to provisions thereof, of which he shall be guilty within India.
Throughout the Code every definition of an offence, every penal provision and every illustration of every such definition or penal provision, is to be understood subject to the exceptions.
The Code not only deals with offences but also with the attempts to commit offences. The Indian Penal Code, Criminal Procedure Code and the Indian Evidence Act are three major criminal Codes to define, determine and provide for the prosecution of an offender.