Today, the term Information Technology has ballooned to encompass many aspects of computing and technology, and the term is more recognizable than ever before. The Information Technology umbrella can be quite large, covering many fields.
IT professionals perform a variety of duties that range from installing applications to designing complex computer networks and information databases. A few of the duties that IT professionals perform may include:
1. Data Management
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2. Computer Networking
3. Database Systems Design
4. Software design
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5. Management Information Systems
6. Systems management
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Phone and Mobile Phone :
Telephone is an electronic equipment that converts sound into electrical signals that can be transmitted over distances and then converts received. Now days phone is main communication device.
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The mobile phone is a short-range, electronic device used for mobile voice or data communication over a network of specialized base stations known as cell sites.
Cellular telephone is a hand-held mobile radiotelephone for use in an area divided into small sections, each with its own short-range transmitter.
A satellite telephone, satellite phone, or sat phone is a type of mobile phone that connects to orbiting satellites instead of terrestrial cell sites.
Depending on the architecture of a particular system, coverage may include the entire Earth, or only specific regions.
Television (TV) is a widely used telecommunication medium for transmitting and receiving moving images, either monochromatic (“black and white”) or color, usually accompanied by sound.
“Television” may also refer specifically to a television set, television programming or television transmission.
The videocassette recorder (VCR) is a type of video tape recorder that uses removable videotape cassettes containing magnetic tape to record audio and video from a television broadcast so it can be played back later.
Most VCRs have their own tuner and a programmable timer.
A computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a set of instructions or a programmable machine. The two principal characteristics of a computer are:
It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner. It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program).
Modern computers are electronic and digital. The actual machinery ~ wires, transistors, and circuits ~ is called hardware; the instructions and data are called software. All general-purpose computers require the following hardware components:
Memory:
Enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data and programs.
Mass storage device:
Allows a computer to permanently retain large amounts of data. Common mass storage devices include disk drives and tape drives.
Input device:
Usually a keyboard and mouse, the input device is the conduit through which data and instructions enter a computer.
Output device:
A display screen, printer, or other device that lets you see what the computer has accomplished.
Central processing unit (CPU):
The heart of the computer, this is the component that actually executes instructions.
In addition to these components, many others make it possible for the basic components to work together efficiently. For example, every computer requires a bus that transmits data from one part of the computer to another.
Email (Electronic Mail) :
Electronic mail-often abbreviated as e-mail or email-is a method of exchanging digital messages, designed primarily for human use.
A message at least consists of its content, an author address and one or more recipient addresses.
Email systems that operate over a network-rather than being limited to a single, shared machine-are based on a store-and-forward model in which email computer server systems accept, forward, deliver or store messages on behalf of users, who only need to connect to the email infrastructure with their personal computer or other network-enabled device for the duration of message submission to, or retrieval from, their designated server.
Rarely is email transmitted directly from one user’s device to another’s.
Fax :
Fax is a telecommunications technology used to transfer copies (facsimiles) of documents, especially using affordable devices operating over the telephone network.
The word telefax, short for telefacsimile, for “make a copy at a distance”, is also used as a synonym. Although fax is not an acronym, it is often written as “FAX”. The device is also known as a telecopier in certain industries.
When sending documents to people at large distances, faxes have a distinct advantage over postal mail in that the delivery is nearly instantaneous, yet its disadvantages in quality have relegated it to a position beneath email as the prevailing form of electronic document transferral.