Essay on Social Research and Its Importance – Research is an attempt to know new things, facts, information, etc. in a scientific manner. Its main purpose is to diffuse knowledge and establish theories on the basis of the believable facts.
As L. V. Redman and A. V. H. Mory have said, “systematised effort to gain new knowledge we call research”.
A research scientist makes an untiring effort to collect new facts, information and knowledge about things or phenomena. He may not become, always successful in all his efforts to collect new facts. But the desire to know new things persists in him. Hence F.A. Ogg has pointed out “Research may or may not come to sucess; it may or may not add anything to what is already brown. It is sufficient that its objective be held knowledge or at least a new mode or orientation of knowledge”.
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The method that is followed in order to carry on research is “scientific method “. In general terms it can be said that ‘research’ is the aim and the scientific method is the means of attaining it. Research in whatever science it is carried on, follows the same scientific method. As C.R. Kothari pointed out” the philosophy common to all research methods and techniques, although they may vary considerably from one science to another, is usually given the name of scientific method.”
The basic purpose of science is to establish the systematic relationship between facts. Hence all the sciences are bound to follow the “scientific method ” which is dedicated to provide us the truth or ultimate reality.
Karl Pearson has rightly said that “the scientific method is one and the same in the branches of (science) and that method is the method of all logically trained minds the unity of all sciences consists alone in its methods, not its material, the man who classifies the facts of any kind whatever, who sees their mutual relation and describes these sequences, is applying the scientific method and is a man of science.”